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Friday, January 3, 2014

Elements and Principles of Art and Design

ELEMENTS 
Components or parts that can be isolated.

PRINCIPLES 
How to organize the elements.





LINE IS AN ELEMENT
Forms the shape of an image.
Qualities:
Long, short, straight, curved, thick, thin.
Direction:
Horizontal - rest
Vertical - stoic
Diagonal - movement

Maya Lin
Maya Lin








Judy Chicago
Louise Bourgeois

Nick Cave
Alberto Giacometti
Kiki Smith
Eva Hesse
Nacho Carbonell


Michelangelo




Beijing National Stadium






SHAPE IS AN ELEMENT
Define specific areas of space.
Two-dimenstional shape has width and height.
Three-dimensional shape has width, heigh and depth.

Felix Deac

Natural or Organic Shape -  found in nature, irregular and fluid.
Graham Caldwell

Geometric shape - structured off of symmetry.
Artist unknown.  Please e-mail if you are the artist so I can credit your work.  thanks, Laura

Geometric shape - structured off of symmetry.

Henry Moore

Abstract Shape -  stylized or over simplified version of natural shapes.

Annette Messager

Geometric shape - structured off of symmetry.






SPACE IS AN ELEMENT
Positive Space:
Occupied with elements.
Negative Space:
Unoccupied, the space around elements.

artist unknown.  Please e-mail me so I can credit your work.  lmongiovi@flagler.edu
Swash London, Hyeres Festival
Do Ho So
Joan Jonas






                            TEXTURE IS AN ELEMENT
Actual Texture:
Sensation felt with sense of touch.
Implied Texture:
An illusion, touching does not produce a physical sensation
can create a feeling of richness and depth.

Marisol

Implied Texture

Meret Oppenheim

Actual Texture



Meret Oppenheim
Retrospektive in Berlin
A brief intro to the artist and her work


A discussion about Oppenheim's above work.


Adeline de Monseignat

Uses actual texture to imply texture.






VALUE IS AN ELEMENT
The degree of light and dark.
Contrast between white and black and in-between.
Creates depth and perception, spatial illusion (tone).

Midori Harima
Wendy Walgate







COLOR IS AN ELEMENT
Convey mood
Aattract attention
Define objects
Can be applied to any other element

Jizo Statues, Diaya River, Japan
Alexander McQueen
Kate Maury
Ann Hamilton
Mitra Fabian















PRINCIPLES 
How to organize the elements.

FOCAL POINT (or EMPHASIS) IS A PRINCIPLE
An area of focus. 
Achieved by decision making with elements (line, shape, color, texture, space, value).

Anish Kapoor
Roman Ondak
artist
Andrea Zittel

             



                                  UNITY IS A PRINCIPLE
Components are harmonious, sense of completion.

Rachel Whiteread
Canova






BALANCE IS A PRINCIPLE
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical

Christian Boltanski

Symmetry
Christian Boltanski

Symmetry
Louise

Symmetry
Guy Laramee

Asymmetry

artist unknown.  Please contact me so I may credit your image.

Asymmetry




PROPORTION (and SCALE) IS A PRINCIPLE
Scale - relating size to a constant, such as the human body
Proportion - size relationship of parts to a whole

Source unknown.  please e-mail me so I can post a credit source.

Watch the video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnG_Ce8Qz9w


Patricia Piccinini
Liliana Porter






RHYTHM IS A PRINCIPLE
Suggestion of motion, movement.

Arne Quinze
Arne Quinze

Fresh Interiors


Or in the case of Theo Jansen's work, actual movement.








                 PATTERN (and REPETITION) IS A PRINCIPLE
The repetition or reoccurrence of a design element, exact or varied.
Mr. Toledano

Tara Donovan
Tara Donovan
Yayoi Kusama





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